Motor for elevator door operators



Oct. l0, 1933. R. s. PEELLE MOTOR FOR ELEVATOR DOOR OPERATORS filed Jan.3. 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN O ATTORNEY.

Oct. 10, 1933.I R, 5 PEELLE 1,929,513

MOTOR FOR ELEVATOR DOOR OPERATORS Filed Jan. 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2TTORNEY Patented Oct. 10, 1933i a 1,929,513 Mo'roa FoR ELEvA'roR DoonOPERATORS rRobert S. Peelle, Hollis, N. Y.,assignor to TheY Peelle'Company, Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of New York yApplication January3, 1931. Vserialixmgtoama.

s claims.

My invention relates-to` motors for elevator door operators, and moreparticularly toamotor which is capable of use within the restrictedspaceavailable in an elevator shaft for its installation and of developingsufficient torque to ensure the desired ease in starting andcontinuingthe movements of the door in opening and closing sama Elevatordoors of the-type with which an operator embodying the motor ofmyinventionmay be used, yare ordinarilywhat is. known as counterbalancedelevatordoors. This kconstruction of door embodies twosectionsverticallyl movable in opposite directions, the twosections-being connected by meansof chains or other fiexible connectionspassing about sheaves.

The doors have movement upon a guide struc-a c This guide rail structurerarelyfextends from the wallwithin a shaft moren than five or sixinches.VT

The sheaves above referred .to are mounted upon this guiderailstructure, `adjacent the edge of the l inwardly directedfiange ofthewall ang-le, `and the construction of the motor of my invention is suchas to permit it,` in its entirety, to becontained within the spacebetween the sheave and the wall,

' and to be` mounted uponthe guide railstructure 30 in the properrelation to the sheave which it actuates. The yi space available.between the. sheave and the wall is'usually-between threeand fourinches. 4, f Doors of the type to be yoperated by means of a motor asherein described, rarely have an opening movement in excess of fourfeet, and prior to my invention the usual practice was to provide asingle motor positioned in the penthouse and selectively operative as toany of the doors in the 40A shaft, this motor `having* associatedtherewith In the wiring of the motorl of myinvention, I a

take advantage ofthe short duration of any run of the motor because ofthelimited opening and closing movements of the door, and am enabled toprovide atype of inductive motor.V suitable for use Voperation of thedoors,

inthe opening and closingof such doors, but having no other field of useso far as I am aware, Not only does thek special type of winding furnishadequate'apower `for the short operation interval required, but permitsthe rotor, the stator and the housingto be so formed as tobe brought intheir entirety, within a space of between three and four inches, and topossess so littleweight that the load. of the motor upon the guide railstructure has no tendency to disarrange the guide rail structure` in amanner to interfere` with the free `The invention consistsprimarily in,a motor for elevator door operators embodying `therein a statorconsisting of ajnarrow annular, electromagnetic core having a sequenceofnarrow openings forming a., series of polesv about 'the inner perimeterthereof, a pluralityof series of circumferentially extending overlappingfield windings each winding enclosing a group of said poles,xpoles ofeach group vbeing common to windings of each series, the windings ofsaid series respectively `being connected with different terminals, of amultiplev phase source` of alternating current ksupply, and with eachother, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic vmaterial substantiallythroughout hav-f ing an uninterrupted perimeter of a Width approximatelythat of said fstator, a shaft carried by said rotor, a housing enclosingsaid stator and said 4rotor vandr supporting A,said rotormwithin saidstator, and means carried by said housing engaging said stator toprevent movement thereof, said housing beinglin close engagingrelationwith the perimeter of Said stator; and in ysuch other novelfeatures of construction rand combination of parts as are hereinafterVset forthy and described, and more particularly appended.

kReferring to the drawings, v

Fig. 1: is aside View of a motor embodying thef invention withY `aportion of thehousing broken away; i

Fig,.f2is a view from the right of Fig. 1, a portion of `the rotor, ofthe stator and of the housing being broken away; a Fig. 3 is a sectionon the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic showing of theelectrical conditions withinthe motor;.and y Fig. 45 is a fragmentaryportion of the stator showing the manner of wiring.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views. y Y

In `the Vembodiment of the invention shown in SQA pointed outin theclaims hereto the drawingathe stator 10 is of .laminated construction,being formed of; aseries ofannular etl its

plates of electro-magnetic material having formed therein a sequence ofopenings and slots 11 to form a series of poles 12 about the innerperimeter of the stator ring.

In the drawings, a three-phase induction motor is shown, the lines forthe different phases being shown at 13, 14 and 15. The winding of thestator is such as to produce a plurality of series of field windings,three in number, each series drawing its supply from one of the lines13, 14 or 15. In Fig. 4 of the drawings one series of windings isindicated by the full line 16, another series by the dotted line 17 anda third series by the dot and dash line 18. In winding the stator, thewire for the windings of the series 16 is through spaced openings 11,the winding jumping two intervening openings 11 between opposite ends ofthe coil. The winding is circumferentially of the stator core. In thedrawings, Fig. 5, I have shown a'segment of the stator embracing sixopenings l1, these openings being indicated by the numerals 1, 2, 3, 4,5 and 6.

It will be noted that the winding connected Y with the line 13 isthrough the openings 1 and 4 and spans the poles adjacent the openings 2and 3; that the winding from the line 14 is through the openings 2 and 5and spans the poles adjacent the openings 3 and 4, and that theiwindingfrom the line 15 is through the `openings 3 and 6 and spans the polesadjacent the openings 4 and 5.

It will be understood that the wire of each series of windings must 'beinsulated from the wire of the other two series of windings, and that asa result of thefforxnation of the overlapping fields secured by themethod of Wiring above referred to, a very substantial portion of thewire and the insulation thereof willbe positioned upon opposite sides ofthestator, as indicated at 19 and 20. Each of the wires after the seriesof windings have been formed, have their ends brought together andelectrically connected as indicated at 21 in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

YWith themanner of wiring the stator above described, highly desirableresults are secured because thestator in its entirety may be made of awidth` of less than two inches.

Notwithstanding that with thev construction described the motor willbecome heated so rapidly as to result in the burning out of its windingsaf ter a very short run, it has special advantage when used inconnection with an elevator door operator, or in any other similarrelation, wherein the operation of the motor is required only for a fewseconds time and thereafter remains idle for a suflicient period topermit itto cool.

With a iield produced by means of a construction as above described, themotor is capable of instantly developing a very high torque, compared toits size, and may be so designed as to have a very low speed. The mainadvantage, however, is that the motor may be made of very narrow width,and when once installed, requires no attention since there are no partsrequiring lubrication.

Thesides of the stator are providedwith plates 22 and 23 of insulation.

The pole pieces 12 are held apart by means of pegs 24 of insulatingmaterial, gaps being present between the faces of adjacent pole pieces.

Freely rotatable within the stator is a cylindrical rotor or armature 25formed of laminated, electro-magnetic material having anuninterruptedperimeter so formed as to permit the attachment of a shaft26 thereto.

The housing of the motor consists of two cupped members 2'7 and 28, eachsupporting a ball bearing 29 and 30 for the shaft 26. These two sectionsare insulated from each other, either by means of an air gap orinsulating material at 31, and are drawn together by means of tie bolts32.

' The construction and arrangement of the members 27 and 28 of thehousing is such as to accurately center the rotor in relation to thestator and to hold the latter immovable in relation to the housing andthe rotor because of the circular form of the housing, its engagementwith the outer perimeter of the stator and the keying of the stator tothe housing by means of a slot 33 in the core of the stator and a setscrew 34 carried by the housing. It is essential that the stator shouldbe fixed in its relation to the housing and the configuration of thelatter may be widely varied and still secure this result.

In the form of the invention shown, the members 2'7 and 28 of thehousing are provided with flanges 35 to facilitate the mounting of themotor upon the guide rail structure of the doors in an elevator shaft.

In a commercial embodiment of the invention, the shaft 26 of the rotorcarries a three-toothed gear which is meshed with a gear carried by thesheave having 54 teeth over which the connection with the door sectionspass. This sheave is approximately six inches in diameter so that withan opening or closing movement of the door of from four to five feet,the sheave is required to be turned only about three times.Consequently, only approximately fifty revolutions of the motor arerequired to accomplish the full opening or closing of the door. Themotor speed is approximately nine hundred revolutions per minute (R. P.M.). Hence, the operating interval of the motor required is only about3l/3` seconds. Consequently, the development of heat' is no materialfactor and with ordinary use, there is little or no danger-of the wiringof the motor burning out. The motor, as shown in the drawings, is foruse with a cycle, 220 volt, 3 phase alternating current source. It mayreadily be adapted, however, to other potentials and other cycles.

In the operation of the motor, I take advantage of the well knownprinciples of polyphase alterhating-current induction motors with arotating field effect in a fixed stator and in which the current may beso controlledas to reverse the rotating field effect. The armature orrotor is Without windings and the detailed construction of the variousparts entering into the motor is such as to secure compactness,lightness of weight, highv torque and low speeds. The electricalconditions are such as would preclude the use of the motor under anyconditions and for any purpose where power is applied thereto for morethan a very short interval. Even with the short run required of themotor, heat will begin to develop, but overheating is impossible exceptas a result of deliberate abuse of thedoor operating mechanism.

While the door operating mechanism and the construction of the doorsthemselves form no part of the invention, I have referred to same atlength because the sole utility of the motor resides in its adaptabilitytov use with such or an equivalent mechanism, the operation of which iJ'QbI- inches in width, eight of nine inches infheight; l.

and five or sixV inches in length, and this-space may be reduced bychanging the details ofthe housing without sacricing thepossible maximumpower of the motor. i i

The overlapping of the series of4 field windings, contributes-toward thedevelopment of the desired torque instantly with the application'ofpower to the motor, and the maintenance of such torque. Thisconstruction also contributes toward the developmentof a low speed` inthe motor; l r 1 The rotor or armature 25 adjacent the perimeter thereofis provided with platesry of nonmagnetic material.

` Theplates forming theicore` for the `field windings of the stator, andalso the platesorming the rotor and the non-magnetic shield platescarrie'd by the latter, may be riveted or otherwise secured together inthe desired close contacting relation.

By vthe construction heretofore described, VIr

4the motor many ofthe 'conditions which are generally recognized asbeing essential to anelectric motor and such sacriiicelis possiblemerely because the conditions of use of the motor require only a shortrun of the motor. i l

By producing a motorv having low speed and high torque, Iam enabled tosecure a satisfactory door operation within the smalltimev intervalherein referred to. With a motor constructed as herein described, littleor no poweris -required to arrest movement of the door sections ineither direction or to impart movement thereto in either direction, aseven whilepowerv is `applied. to the motor, the armature may be `freelyturned Vin either direction by the manual application of force toveither `of the door section'sj i It is not my intention tof-limittheinvention `t a motor having the precise dimensionsor constructedprecisely as herein described, it being apparent that4 such may bevaried without'departingfrom the spirit and scope of theinvention.

Having described the invention, whatI claim as new vand desire to haveprotected by-Letters Patent, ist` v I 1. A motor for elevator dooroperators embodying therein a stator-consisting of a 'narrow annular,electro-)magnetic core having a sequencel of narrow openings forming aseries of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of seriesof circumferentially extending'overlapping field windings, each windingenclosing a group of said poles, poles of each group being commontowind-p ings of each series, the windings' of said series respectivelybeing connected with different terminals of a multiple-phase source ofalternatingcurrent supply, and with each other, a cylindrlcal rotor ofmagnetic material substantially throughout having an uninterruptedperimeter of a width approximately that 'of said stator, a shaft carriedby said rotor, a housing enclosing said stator and said rotor andsupporting said rotorwithin said stator, andk means carried by saidhousing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said housingbeing in close engaging: relation'with the perimeter of said stator. v el '42. A motor for elevator door operators embodying thereina statorconsisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core formed of aplurality of plates having'a sequence of narrow openthe inner perimeterthereof, a plurality of windings each-passing through spaced openingsvin and circumferentially of said plates and across intermediateopeningswhereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and polesof each group are common to windings of each series, the windings ofsaid series respectively being connected with diiTercnt-terminals of amultiplephase source of alternating current supply and with each other,and the windings of the several series being electrically connected, acylindrical rotor of magnetic material substantially throughout havingan uninterrupted perimeter oi a wdthapproximately that of said stator, ashaft carried `by said rotor, a housing enclosing `said stator` andsaidrotor andl supporting said rotor within said stator, and meanscarried by said housing engaging said stator to prevent movement thereofsaid housing being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of saidstator.

-3. A.V motor for elevatorV door operators embodying therein a statorconsisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic coreformed of a plu-"ralityv of plates having` asequence rof -narrow openings therethroughforming-a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereoffa pluralityof windings each passing through spaced openings in andcircumferentially of said plateseand across intermediate openingswhereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of eachgroup are common to windings of each series, the windings of said seriesrespectively beingA connected with different terminals of amultiple-phase source of alternating current supply and with eachother,and the windings of the several series-'beingelectricallyconnected, acylindrical rotorjformed of a plurality of plates of magnetic umaterialsubstantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of aWidth approximately that of said stator; ashaft carried by said rotor, ahousing enclosing said stator and said rotor and supporting said rotorwithin said stator, and means carried by said housing engaging saidstator to prevent movement thereof, said housing being in kclose'engag-` ing relation with theperirneter of saidY stator. 4. A`y motorfor elevatorl doorv operators embodying therein a statcrvconsisting `ofa narrow annular, electro-magneticcore formed of a plurality of platesAhaving a sequence of narrow openings therethrough forming a seriesof-poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a plurality of windings eachpassing through spaced openings in and circumferentially of said platesand across intermediate openings whereby each winding encloses a groupof said poles, and poles of each'g'roup are common to windings of eachseries, the windings of said series respectively being connected withdifferent terminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating currentsupply and with each other, yand the windings of the several seriesbeing electrically connected, a cylindrical rotor formed of a pluralityof plates of magnetic material substantially throughout having anuninterrupted perimeter, and of a Width `approximately that of saidstator, shield 'soi plates of electro-nonmagnetic material adjacent theperimeter of said rotor, a shaft carried by said rotor, a housingenclosing said stator and said rotor and supporting said rotor withinsaid stator, and means carried by saidrhousing engaging said stator toprevent movement thereof, said housing being in close engaging relationwith the perimeter of said stator.

5. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a statorconsisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core having a sequenceof narrow openings forming a series of poles about the inner perimeterthereof, a plurality of series of circumferentially extendingoverlapping field windings, each winding enclosing a group of saidpoles,poles of each group being common to windings of each series, thewindings of said series respectively being connected with differentterminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply, andwith each other, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic material substantialythroughout having an uninterrupted perimeter of a width approximatelythat of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor, two cupped mem- Lbers adapted to receive and enclose said stator and said rotor, abearing carried by eachof said members for said rotor shaft, meanssecuring said members together, and means carried by one of said membersand engaging said stator to prevent movement thereof, said cuppedmembers being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of saidstator.

6. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a statorconsisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core having a sequenceof narrow openings forming a series of poles about the inner perimeterthereof, a plurality of series of circumferentially extendingoverlapping iield windings, each winding enclosing a group of saidpoles, poles of each group being common to windings of each series, thewindings of said series respectively being connected with differentterminals of a multiple-phase source of alternating current supply, andwith each `i other, a cylindrical rotor of magnetic materialsubstantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter of a widthapproximately that of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor, twocupped members adapted to receive and enclose said stator and saidrotor, a bearing carried by each of said members for said rotor shaft,means securing said members together, and said stator having a slot inthe perimeter thereof, and a set screw carried by one of said membersand adapted to enter said slot to prevent movement thereof,

said cupped rnembersbeing in close engaging relation with the perimeterof said stator.

7. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a statorconsisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core formed of aplurality of plates having a sequence of narrow f'openings therethroughforming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a pluralityof windings each passing through spaced openings in andcircumferentially of said plates and across intermediate openingswhereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of eachgroup are common to windings of each series, the windings of said seriesrespectively being connected with different terminals of a multiplephasesource of alternating current supply and with each other, and thewindings of the several series being electrically connected, acylindrical rotor formed of a pluralityv of plates of magnetic materialsusbstantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of awidth approximately that of said stator, a shaft carried by said rotor,two cupped members adapted to receive and enclose said stator and saidrotor, a bearing carried by each of said members for said rotor shaft,means securing said members together, said stator having a slot in theperimeter thereof, and a set screw carried by one of said members andadapted to enter said slot to prevent movement thereof, said cuppedmembers being in close engaging relation with the perimeter of saidstator.

8. A motor for elevator door operators embodying therein a statorconsisting of a narrow annular, electro-magnetic core formed of aplurality of plates having a sequence of narrow openings therethroughforming a series of poles about the inner perimeter thereof, a pluralityof windings each passing through spaced openings in andcircumferentially of said plates and across intermediate openingswhereby each winding encloses a group of said poles, and poles of eachgroup are common to windings of each series, the windings of said seriesrespectively being connected with different terminals of amultiple-phase source of alternating current supply and with each other,and the windings of the several series being electrically connected, acylindrical rotor formed of a plurality of plates of magnetic materialsubstantially throughout having an uninterrupted perimeter, and of awidth approximately that of said stator, shield plates ofelectro-nonmagnetic material adjacent the perimeter of said rotor, ashaft carried by said rotor, two cupped members adapted to receive andenclose said stator and said rotor, a bearing carried by each of saidmembers for said rotor shaft, means securing said members together, saidstator having a slot in the perimeter thereof, and a set screw carriedby one of said members and adapted to enter said slot to preventmovement thereof, said cupped members being in close engaging relationwith the perimeter of said stator.

ROBERT S. PEELLE.

